Titanium Essay -- Biology, Biomaterial, TNA

1. INTRODUCTION: Titanium has played a successful biomaterial in biomedical application especially for orthopedics (bone-anchoring systems), dentistry, drug delivery, and nanotherapeutics in treating bone cancer and arthritis. One of the treatments of bone cancer patients is the replacement of cancerous bone with implant material. The current implant materials have implemented coating technology (such as Calcium phosphate or hydroxyapatite) which gives good cytocompatibilty but over the time it gets encapsulated with the surrounding bone cells and lead to poor osseointegration. An augment of current implant material, we used nanotechnology application tailoring nanoscale topography on conventional implant material into TNA by anodization process. Our aim is to study the cellular interaction of the cells attached to the TNA material compared to several selected control material such as TiP (pure Titanium without surface modification), glass slides other alloy that commonly been used as implant materia l in human. This study is important in order to study whether this material is save from any genotoxicity or oncogenic effect before been use as human implant material. We have performed several preliminary studies, of the cells culture with TNA compared with control material. The morphology characterization by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) result shown cells spreading and cytoplasmic extension of cells, but not able to observe neither filipodium nor lamellipodium of the cells cultured on the TNA if compared to the test-control material. We hypotheses these cytoplasmic extensions could penetrate inside the nanotubes cylindrical-like structure. From this we suggested the TNA topography may assist the protein adsorption and pro... ...both numerical and structural chromosome changes and can give risk to cancer (Stewenius, Y., et al. 2005). 3.4 Potential application in cancer treatment From several previous studies have shown, this TNA technology have a potential application in cancer treatment. Mainly in bone cancer treatment, where we can used as implant material to replace the bone lost due to the cancer. Besides study by Enrique Mele ´ndez (2002) have reported this titania technology have potential as chemotherapeutic agent. Lee, C., et al (2010) also supported Enrique Mele’ndez study, where they concluded that this titania have potential therapeutic application for cancer thermotherapy due to the excellent photothermal properties and high biocompatibility. Therefore our study is important, in order to prove whether the titania is save to be used in this medical treatment application.